Sampling range of male sweetpotato weevils (Cylas formicarius elegantulus) (Summers) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to pheromone traps: Influence of pheromone dosage and lure age

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Abstract
Studies were conducted to determine the effects of sex pheromone dosage and lure age on movement of male sweetpotato weevils (SPW),Cylas formicarius elegantulus (Summers), using mark-release-recapture techniques. SPW trap counts from various downwind distances were compared for dosages ranging from 0.01 to 10.0 μg and lure ages ranging from fresh (0 days old) to 64 days old. The percentages of male SPW recaptured decreased with an increase in release distance and decreased with a decrease in dosage at each corresponding distance. Most SPW were caught within the first 16-hr period. Slopes of percent recapture vs. release distance for the two higher dosages (10 μg and 1.0 μg) differed from those of the two lower dosages (0.1 and 0.01 μg) but did not differ from each other. Intercepts were similar among the three higher dosages. Slopes did not differ among the five lure ages examined. Intercepts differed between fresh (0 days old) and 24-day-old septa at 16 hr and between fresh (0 days old) and 34-day-old septa at 40 hr. Previous exposure to pheromone (conditioning) did not increase percentages of SPW recaptured. Results indicate that male SPW are capable of traversing distances of at least 280 m in 16 hr. The pheromone tested in this study appears to be effective at dosages lower than any other coleopteran sex-pheromone system. Incorporation of this pheromone into a SPW management system may effectively reduce the use of insecticides.

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