EFFECT OF ESTRONE, PROGESTERONE AND PITUITARY MAMMOTROPIN ON THE MAMMARY GLANDS OF CASTRATED C3H MALE MICE

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Abstract
SINCE the incidence of mammary cancer in the C3H virgin may be as high as 97% in contrast to 0% in the male (Bittner and Huseby, 1946), a very important determinant would seem to be the hormonal factors influencing mammary growth. Many experiments have been performed in which estrogenic hormones in doses calculated to “feminize” the male mammary gland have raised the incidence of tumors to as high as 80% in males of this strain (Gardner, 1941). In the extensive literature of this field (Shimkin, 1945; Greenstein and Haddow, 1953) one may find reports on many tumor-inducing regimens employing different estrogens, dosages, methods of administration and periods of treatment. Only rarely have anatomical studies such as that of Trentin and Turner (1948) been made to determine the changes induced in the gland structure during the treatment period. And, insofar as we are aware, no one has worked out the shortest period during which the gland