Production and direct measurement of circularly polarized vacuum-ultraviolet light with multireflection optics

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Abstract
The conversion of linearly polarized synchrotron radiation to circular polarization has been successfully achieved beyond the LiF transmission cutoff in the vacuum ultraviolet by utilizing a triple-reflection polarizer as a quarter-wave retarder. The Stokes parameters of the emerging beam were directly measured at 30 eV with a reflection-type polarimeter as a function of the rotation angle of the ‘‘circular polarizer’’ around the optical axis. The results show that a degree of circular polarization of up to ∼±82% was attained at ∼±25° rotation angles, respectively, between the incidence plane for the polarizer and the horizontal plane. This result is in good agreement with a calculation which took into account the independently measured Stokes parameters of the incoming beam.