Continuous ATP Regeneration Utilizing Glycolysis and Kinase Systems of Yeast

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Abstract
During the course of phosphorylation of adenosine and AMP by acetone dried cells of yeast, enzymes in related to glycolysis and adenosine kinase as well as adenylate kinase were found to be released into the supernatant of the reaction mixture. The supernatant effectively phosphorylated adenosine and AMP at high phosphate concentrations utilizing glucose as an energy source, and the ATP accumulated was maintained at a high level still after 24 hr of incubation. A continuous reaction apparatus for regeneration of ATP equipped with a semi-permeable membrane was designed and constructed taking into account the specific characteristic of the present enzyme reaction systems. The released enzymes were applied to the apparatus equipped with semi-permeable membranes, and continuous phosphorylation of adenosine to ATP was examined under different operational conditions. When the residence time was 18 hr, 80 % of the initial adenosine was continuously phosphorylated to ATP by this apparatus, in which the collodion membrane was used as a semi-permeable membrane.