The Effect of Pseudomonas putida Colonization on Root Surface Peroxidase

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Abstract
Increased activities of peroxidase and indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) oxidase were detected on root surfaces of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seedlings colonized with a soil saprophytic bacterium, Pseudomonas putida. IAA oxidase activity increased over 250-fold and peroxidase 8-fold. Enhancement was greater for 6-day-old than for 4- or 8-day-old inoculated plants No IAA oxidase or peroxidase activities were associated with the bacterial cells. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated that washes of P. putida-inoculated roots contained two zones of peroxidase activity. Only the more anodic bands were detected in washes from noninoculated roots. Ion exchange and molecular sizing gel chromatography of washes from P. putida-colonized roots separated two fractions of peroxidase activity. One fraction corresponded to the anodic bands detected in washes of P. putida inoculated and in noninoculated roots. A second fraction corresponded to the less anodic zone of peroxidase, which was characteristic of P. putida-inoculated plants. This peroxidase had a higher IAA oxidase to peroxidase ratio than the more anodic, common enzyme. The changes in root surface peroxidases caused by colonization by a saprophytic bacterium are discussed with reference to plant-pathogen interactions.