Proposal for symmetric dimers at the Si(100)-2×1 surface

Abstract
Total-energy and core-level-shift calculations in clusters of atoms and a simple model strongly support a symmetric configuration of the dimers at the Si(100)-2×1 surface. The spin arrangement within the dimer is found to be antiferromagnetic lowering the total energy and opening a gap in the surface bands. Different experimental results are examined and found to be fully compatible with this model.