V. Effect of Epinephrine, AGTH and Cortisone on Citrate, Calcium, Glucose and Phosphate Levels in Rabbits.

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Abstract
The effect of parenteral epinephrine, adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), and cortisone on citrate, phosphate, Ca and glucose levels was studied in fasting (48 hr.) rabbits. Epinephrine (0.08 mg./kg.) causes a rise within 2 hrs. in citrate (30%), glucose (120%) and Ca (15%) serum levels. Inorganic phosphate and K levels dropped 12% and 18%,respectively,at the same time. Cortisone (25 mg./kg.) caused a rise in glucose (120%) and inorganic phosphate (15%) and a fall in citrate (28%) and Ca (8%) serum levels after 4-5 hrs. ACTH (0.3 mg./kg.) caused a drop in Ca (20%) and a rise in citrate levels (30%) at 3 hrs. With ACTH glucose changes were somewhat variable but showed a tendency to rise approx. 10% at 3 hrs. With ACTH a preliminary drop in phosphate levels (5%) was followed by a rise to 5% above fasting after 4 hrs. The phosphate response was also variable. With massive doses of ACTH (0.75-6.5 mg./kg.) convulsions and death were observed in 6 of 12 rabbits. Mean fasting levels found in fasting rabbits were (mg./100 ml. serum), citric acid 3.67 (66 rabbits), glucose 120 (56 rabbits), Ca 13.8 (42 rabbits), inorganic phosphate 4.86 (43 rabbits) and K 14.5 (11 rabbits). It is suggested that the balance between ACTH, epinephrine, insulin and cortisone secretion, because of their effect on citrate Ca and phosphate levels play a significant role in the maintenance of the Ca ion concn. of the body fluids.