Kα andKβ x-ray emission spectra of copper

The K${\mathrm{\alpha }}_{1,2}$ and K${\mathrm{\beta }}_{1,3}$ spectra of copper were measured using double- and single-crystal diffractometers whose finite resolution effects were carefully characterized and corrected for. A phenomenological resolution of the spectra into Lorentzians is given, yielding excellent R factors close to 1%. Fits to our detailed relativistic Dirac-Fock and nonrelativistic Hartree-Fock ab initio calculations reveal that the line shapes can be accounted for by the diagram and the single 3d spectator hole transitions only, with R factors of 3–5 % (the underline below 3d denotes a hole state). The contribution of the 3d spectator transitions to each of the spectra is 26–30 %. The Kα spectrum may also contain a small ∼0.5% contribution from the 3p spectator transition. The fit residuals of the Kβ spectrum show systematic deviations in the vicinity of the β’ feature, which may be due to exchange interactions or plasmon excitations. Contributions of similar origins to the Kα spectrum were not detected. Linewidths, energies, and intensities are reported, for the raw as well as the fit-resolved spectra, and critically compared with previous data, where available.