Essential Fatty Acids in the Diet of Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri): Physiological Symptoms of EFA Deficiency

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Abstract
Certain physiological changes in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) which may be attributed to a dietary insufficiency of the essential fatty acids of the linolenic or ω3 series are described. A greatly increased mitochondrial swelling rate was induced in fish fed a fat-free diet. Linolenic acid was most effective in reducing the swelling phenomenon. Diets without ω3 fatty acids showed an increased liver respiration rate, a slightly lower hemoglobin content and increased muscle water.