Potentiometry Combined with Atomic Force Microscope

Abstract
We have presented a novel method for surface potential measurement based on an atomic force microscope operating under the contact mode. This method is precise and exhibits sub-mV accuracy for potential measurement as well as nanometer-order spatial resolution. We show, for the first time, simultaneous measurements of the surface potential and surface actual topography on an ion-implanted silicon substrate with inhomogeneity of surface conductance.

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