Spontaneous Endless Loop Tachycardia

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Abstract
Pacemaker‐mediated endless loop tachicardia is usually caused by a P wave displaced from the physiologic position preceding a QRS complex to a time of atrial channel sensitivity after the QRS. Five cases are described of endless loop tachycardia starting after a normally‐timed P wave, either spontaneous and preceding a ventricular stimulus or a P wave produced by an atrial channel stimulus followed by a ventricular stimulus and QRS complex. In each instance, the atrial refractory interval (ARI) was shorter than the retrograde conduction time. In four of the cases, prolongation of the atrial refractory interval after the ventricular event ended the tachycardias. In the fifth, in which the pulse generator could not be so programmed, the ventricular inhibited mode was required.