Secondary electron emission from the GaN:Cs–O surface

Abstract
High secondary emission ratios have been obtained for the GaN:CsO surface. A peak ratio of 51 at 3 keV primary electron energy has been observed. At 20 keV the ratio is 24, compared with 2 when the GaN is uncesiated. Analysis of the data indicates that the diffusion length in the material is between 300 and 800 Å, and the surface escape probability for secondary electrons is 0.36. These results indicate that the GaN:CsO surface has been activated to negative electron affinity (NEA).

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