Optimization of a protective medium for enhancing the viability of freeze-dried Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus based on response surface methodology

Abstract
Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize a protective medium for enhancing the cell viability of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LB14 during freeze-drying. Using a previous Plackett–Burman design, it was found that sucrose, glycerol, sorbitol and skim milk were the most effective freeze-drying protective agents for L. bulgaricus LB14. A full factorial central composite design was applied to determine the optimum levels of these four protective agents. The experimental data allowed the development of an empirical model (PL. bulgaricus LB14 freeze-dried in this medium obtained a cell viability of up to 86.53%.

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