Trivalent character of platinum in silicon

Abstract
A third dominant platinum level is reported. The concentrations of the new level and of the platinum donor level at 0.330 eV above the valence band are equal to each other within 20% over a range exceeding three orders of magnitude in concentration. The new level at approximately 0.067 eV above the valence band is characterized by the method of deep level transient spectroscopy. Its activation energy is shown to be dependent on the electric field. Platinum is suggested to be a double donor in p‐type silicon. All three dominant platinum levels are believed to belong to the same platinum center in silicon.